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Background: The Coronavirus 2 syndrome (SARS CoV 2) or COVID-19 pandemic's rapid and widespread reach has become a major cause of concern to the dental health-care profession. The aim of this study is to assess the level of public knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID19 and infection control when visiting a dental hospital. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was created. Convenient sampling method was used for data collection. The sample population was 104 patients aged between 10-80 years. The data was entered, and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version. Descriptive statistics, frequencies, and percentages were used to summarize the data. Chi square test was used to determine the association of study disciplines among the patients. P >0.10 was considered statistically not significant. Results: A total of 104 responses were obtained. All respondents had heard about coronavirus. Over 90% were aware of the severeness of the pandemic. 90% of the patients wear masks every time they visit a dental hospital. Over 80% disposed their masks after their visit to the dental hospital.About 88% were taking precautions. Over 90% were interested in knowing more about the disease and the necessary precautions to be taken while visiting a dental hospital. Comparison of the overall sections among various groups showed a nonsignificant result although some individual questions showed a statistically significant result. Conclusion: Dental health professionals need to conduct regular educational activities and training programs on infection prevention practices with respect to COVID-19 infection to serve their patients, not just their own practice but also to help the patients know about the severity of not taking precautions while visiting a dental clinic.
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Over numerous nations on earth, a brand-new virus known as the corona virus has been spreading like wildfire. Hospitals are exposed to many people, and it might be difficult to follow COVID-19 and take into consideration all patients. We have created a decision-making method based on a few parameters and X-rays to identify the priority of patients. The Mask R- CNN technique is used to train and test on the dataset to classify patients as having COVID infection or not. On chest X-ray pictures, the mask R CNN technique enhances COVID - 19 detection performance. © 2022 IEEE.
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Due to the dread of the pandemic Covid-19 spreading, everyone is staying away from public properties in today's situation. People are even afraid of ringing temple bells, which is a gesture of devotion. Even if they desire to ring the bell, the pandemic prevents them from doing so. The people will be able to ring the temple bell without having to touch it at all owing to this project. The main components employed in this project are an Arduino UNO R3 and ESP8266 boards. An ultrasonic sensor is linked to one ESP8266 board, and it identifies persons when they come within the designated distance range. A relay is attached to the Arduino UNO, which is then connected to a motor. When a person enters the range of the ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic sensor sends a message to the relay via the Wi-Fi connection created between the ESP8266 1 and ESP8266 2. As the temple bell is connected to the motor, it will ring automatically after the relay and motor work in sequence. This effort will assist people in fulfilling their religious obligations without constraint. © 2022 IEEE.
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SETTING: In alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Kerala State in India aims to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic, using its strong background in local governance to implement the National AIDS Control Programme (NACP). OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of local governments in the implementation of NACP in tune with SDGs. DESIGN: We conducted a state-wide exploratory study using document reviews, key informant and in-depth interviews, which were analysed thematically. RESULTS: Four overarching themes that emerged were 1) preparation for programme implementation, 2) positive impact of local government involvement, 3) convergence with other organisations, and 4) barriers to implementation. Local government commitment to implementing the programme was evidenced by their adoption of the HIV/AIDS policy, facilitative interdepartmental coordination and local innovations. Interventions focused on improving awareness about the disease and treatment, and social, financial and rehabilitative support, which were extended even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fund shortages and poor visibility of the beneficiaries due to preference for anonymity were challenges to achieving the expected outcomes. CONCLUSION: The NACP is ably supported by local governments in its designated domains of interventions, prevention, treatment, and care and support. The programme can achieve its target to end the AIDS epidemic by overcoming the stigma factor, which still prevents potential beneficiaries from accessing care.
CONTEXTE: En accord avec les Objectifs de développement durable (SDG) des Nations unies, l'État du Kérala en Inde a pour objectif de mettre fin à l'épidémie de VIH/SIDA en s'appuyant sur sa forte expérience de gouvernance locale en matière de mise en Åuvre du Programme national de lutte contre le SIDA (NACP). OBJECTIF: Examiner le rôle des gouvernements locaux dans la mise en Åuvre du NACP, en accord avec les SDG. MÉTHODES: Nous avons réalisé une étude exploratoire à l'échelle de l'État, par le biais d'analyses documentaires, d'entretiens avec des informateurs clés et d'entretiens approfondis, qui ont ensuite été analysés de manière thématique. RÉSULTATS: Quatre thèmes centraux ont été identifiés : 1) préparation de la mise en place du programme, 2) impact positif de l'implication des gouvernements locaux, 3) convergence avec d'autres organisations, et 4) obstacles à la mise en Åuvre. L'engagement des gouvernements locaux à mettre en Åuvre le programme se manifestait par l'adoption de la politique de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA, par une coordination interdépartementale facilitée et par des innovations locales. Les interventions portaient sur l'amélioration de la sensibilisation au VIH/SIDA et à son traitement, ainsi qu'aux systèmes de soutien social, financier et de réadaptation disponibles ; ces interventions ont même été maintenues pendant la pandémie de COVID-19. Le manque de financements et la mauvaise visibilité des bénéficiaires en raison d'une volonté d'anonymat représentaient autant d'obstacles empêchant d'atteindre les résultats escomptés. CONCLUSION: Les gouvernements locaux apportent leur soutien efficace au NACP dans les domaines d'intervention qui lui ont été assignés (prévention, traitement, soins et soutien). Le programme peut atteindre son objectif d'éradication de l'épidémie de SIDA s'il parvient à lutter contre la stigmatisation associée à la maladie, qui empêche encore d'éventuels bénéficiaires d'accéder aux soins.
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The lifestyle of the people has changed completely after the COVID-19 pandemic. The virus has also undergone various mutation and causing scare to human existence. Hence, it is important to monitor the health conditions of the faculty members and students before letting them into the college premises. So, we have introduced a system which implements 3 stage screening process. First, it checks whether the visitor is fully vaccinated or not. Then during the second phase, the health condition of the people is monitored. Finally, people without mask are also prevented from entering into college campus. In addition to it, the system also dispenses the hand sanitizing liquid to the visitors. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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The vaccination efficacy can indirectly be assessed through the quantification of neutralizing antibodies. Very few data are available on Covishield efficacy in terms of neutralizing antibody expression upon vaccination. This study is focused on profiling of neutralizing antibody expression during and after the Covishield two shot vaccination and observing COVID-19 infection in vaccinated participants during the period. SARS CoV-2 neutralizing antibody concentrations in samples were estimated using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay kit for Lifotronics eCL8000. The sampling had been done sequentially at 45th, 85th day after 1st dose and 15th day after 2nd dose Covishield vaccination. Parallelly, in order to confirm the total SARS CoV-2 IgG response in COVID-19 infection, measured the IgG using SARS CoV-2 IgG lateral flow immunoassay test kit. The subjects previously infected with COVID-19 before 1st dose vaccination demonstrated high neutralizing antibody (> 10AU/ml). In COVID-19 uninfected subjects, there was a sudden incline in neutralizing antibody after the 2nd dose. Infection with SARS CoV-2 between 1st and 2nd dose of Covishield vaccination implicate that the level of neutralizing antibody in serum after 1st dose was not adequate to combat the virus and prevent infection. We observed COVID-19 infection in participants even after 2nd dose of vaccination. Interestingly, there was no protection against SARS CoV-2 even with a high neutralizing antibody expression of 188.5 AU/mL after the 2nd dose. Findings of Covishield efficacy in different cohort samples before and after 2 doses of Covishield vaccination provide impetus for improvement or development of next generation vaccines.
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Introduction: The use of the internet has become an integral part of everyday life in these modern times of digitalization, especially the lives of adolescents. At the same time, excessive use of the internet has emerged as a significant affliction. However, the impact of Internet addiction has not been well studied in India on these crucial years of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with depression, anxiety and stress among medical students during the COVID -19 pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of Saveetha Medical College, Chennai during the covid-19 pandemic. A pretested, predesigned questionnaire, Young's Internet Addiction Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS21) are used in the study. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test were used to assess the association between internet addiction and depression, anxiety and stress. Result(s): A very high prevalence (72.04%) of internet addiction was observed among the respondents. The primary purposes of using the internet were entertainment (21.30%) and social media (20.80%) followed by academics (18.07%), and a majority (40.13%) reported spending 3-5 hours a day followed by more than 5 hours a day (38.49%). There was a significant association between Internet addiction and depression (odds ratio =8), anxiety (odds ratio=8) and stress (odds ratio=7). Conclusion(s): Internet addiction is a serious issue with huge impacts on mental health. Early intervention therefore is crucial. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) has a great impact on our daily living and makes our lives more efficient and productive. Especially during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, AI has played a key role in response to the global health crisis. There has been a boom in AI innovation and its use since the pandemic. However, despite its widespread adoption and great potential, most people have little knowledge of AI concepts and realization of its potential. The objective of this white paper is to communicate the importance of AI and its benefits to society. The report covers AI applications in six different topics from medicine (AI deployment in clinical settings, imaging and diagnostics, and acceleration of drug discovery) to more social aspects (support older adults in long-term care homes, and AI in supporting small and medium enterprises. The report ends with nine steps to consider for moving forward with AI implementation during and post pandemic period. These include legal and ethical data collection and storage, greater data access, multidisciplinary collaboration, and policy reform.
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The lifestyle of the people has changed completely after the COVID-19 pandemic. The virus has also undergone various mutation and causing scare to human existence. Hence, it is important to monitor the health conditions of the faculty members and students before letting them into the college premises. So, we have introduced a system which implements 3 stage screening process. First, it checks whether the visitor is fully vaccinated or not. Then during the second phase, the health condition of the people is monitored. Finally, people without mask are also prevented from entering into college campus. In addition to it, the system also dispenses the hand sanitizing liquid to the visitors. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Upon SARS CoV-2 infection, humoral immune system triggers production of anti-SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. Currently, antibodies against SARS CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain play a central role in disease protection, making them potential target for in vitro diagnostics applications. This study determines the expression level and sustainability of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) SARS CoV-2 IgG in post COVID-19 patients. Anti-RBD SARS CoV-2 IgG antibodies in patient serum were analysed by standardised indirect ELISA using SARS CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain protein and HRP conjugated anti-human IgG antibody (anti-h IgG). The study was conducted using 35 adult patient samples with confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection. Additionally, correlation between antibody response after each stage and disease symptoms in post COVID-19 patients were studied. Maximum antibody titre was seen at Day 40 and decreased relatively to Day 180 in antibody positive samples when compared with controls. Overall, more IgG antibody expression is observed in patients who suffered from loss of smell and taste at Day 40. 71% of the positive subjects in this study showed high SARS CoV-2 IgG antibody concentration of above 10 ng/mL and 37% showed strong antibody concentration above 20 ng/mL at the peak of seroconversion.
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The greatest threat to the word in recent days is the spread of COVID 19 virus throughout the world. To tackle this problem government of India has implemented various restrictions to be followed to stop the spread of the COVID 19 virus. But most of the time general public forget their responsibilities and don't follow these restrictions, especially in situations like when their favourite hero's movie releases in the theatre, and in spending time in hotels, malls and in other entertainment places in spite of governments occupancy restrictions in those places. In order to address this problem we propose an IoT based Smart System for monitoring the occupancy in such entertainment spots and screen the public entry if they dint follow the protocols such as if they dint wear mask or if they have body temperature. This proposed system is implemented on a Raspberry Pi 3B+ processor which runs on a Broadcom processor. For monitoring the occupancy and screen the visitors for mask, we use a Passive Infrared Sensors and Pi camera to count the person entering into the premises. And we use a MLX90614 Infrared temperature sensor for screening the public entry with high temperature. The complete system is implemented using python programming and the details will be uploaded to cloud, authorities can monitor this from a remote place so that the spread of COVID 19 can be restricted in pubic entertainment spots.
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Background: Educational system is affected because of COVID-19. Online classes were conducted by the management for the welfare of the students. Online classes are conducted over the internet and it is very convenient during lockdown. But technological challenges can make the students think back towards their blackboard class setup. Aim: To assess the perception and reception of online and offline education among adolescents in the Chennai population.
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COVID-19 has now created a massive impact in Indian economy and livelihood. But the COVID-19 gets mutated so recurrently and various variants are originated in our community. Recently a new variant named Omicron is spreading at a quicker rate compared to other variants. This is generating a panic circumstance among all individuals. In order to ensure the safety to the individuals residing at home, a new Secured Door Operating Mechanism, which screens the health condition of the visitors before notifying the residents, has been proposed. This system also comprises of an automatic sanitizing ability, which could reduce the spread of the disease through the visitors. If any abnormality is observed in the visitors' health, the system warns the visitor regarding the health issue and also alerts the household regarding the visitor. © 2022 IEEE.
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The spread of COVID-19 disease has reduced the visitors count to various public places like parks, libraries and museums. Even though Indian Government has relaxed the rules for the public to visit these places during the early 2021, people deny visiting those places due to the fear created by the impact of the disease. This leads to huge revenue loss due to lack of visitors. In order to solve this issue, a safer visiting procedure through a Mobile Application based Secured Smart Museum (MSSM) has been provided. This system strictly monitors the entry of the visitors through two way screening process which ensures the safety of the visitors at the museum. Two-way screening process involves the measuring the temperature of the visitors with the support of IR temperature sensor and monitoring the availability of the face mask with the help of Open Computer Vision. The system also facilitates the users to book the ticket through Mobile Application. This system also alerts the museum's housekeeping department to clean and sanitize the museum based upon the visitors count. In addition to this, our system facilitates the visitors to gain the knowledge about the contents available in the museum through mobile application itself in their own preferred language. © 2022 IEEE.
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Background: Covid 19 is highly contagious. Unfortunately, Dental clinic becomes a high risk center for the potential spread of Covid-19 through the aerosols and droplets generated during dental procedure. Aim: To assess the knowledge, perception, attitude of the general population towards dental treatment during COVID 19 pandemic period.
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BACKGROUND: Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is perhaps the disastrous medical emergencies that has ever hit globally with multiple strains. Amongst various sequelae, mucormycosis may be considered as the most debilitating one. Post COVID-19 mucormycosis is formally regarded as corona virus disease associated mucormycosis (CAM). The aim of the current paper is to present twelve cases of CAM with unique clinical presentation with a detailed histopathological correlation of the gingival biopsied material. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve cases of CAM were included in the study who presented initially with non-purulent swelling of the gingiva. The clinic-demographic data pertaining to age, gender, location, laterality and presence of co-morbidities was collected along with histopathological examination of biopsied specimen. RESULTS: The patients ranged from 31-65 years (mean age 47.33 years). There was a male predominance. Clearly, maxillary right gingiva was mostly affected and all cases presented with non purulent, non tender swelling of the gingiva. The incisional biopsy from the gingiva consistently showed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the surface epithelium along with vacuolar degeneration, extensive stromal edema, massive mixed inflammatory reaction, congested blood vessels, hemorrhage and abundant multinucleated giant cells. Potassium hydroxide (10% KOH) mount served no additional diagnostic advantage. After two initial biopsies any suspected case of CAM with these features was treated with appropriate antifungal therapy and conservative excision. CONCLUSIONS: Gingival swelling with aforementioned histopathological features resembling post COVID-19 histological alterations could be alarming early signs of CAM and are candidate of prompt antifungal therapy rather than repeat biopsy for confirmation.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Mucormycosis , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , COVID-19/complications , Comorbidity , Female , Gingiva , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mucormycosis/complications , Mucormycosis/diagnosis , Mucormycosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
As we people move towards sophisticated living, the usage of automobiles become the part and parcel of our life. That too the usage of cars during this decade has taken a steep stride. As a result, the traffic increases during the peak time and there is an insufficiency of parking lots near the jam-packed areas. This insufficient parking lots create a hectic problem in day-to-day life. The car drivers look for a parking place by roaming round the city which leads to unwanted fuel consumption and massive pollution. To solve this problem a mobile application is proposed which facilitates the people to book the parking lot in advance for their pre-planned journey. In order to prevent the theft vehicle being parked at the car parking, a two-way screening process is implemented to let the vehicles enter into the parking lots. This system also let the users to choose the parking slot based on their flexibility. This system also facilitates in monitoring the availability of the face mask with the people in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19 disease. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Eye Diseases , Mucormycosis , Orbital Diseases , Humans , Mucormycosis/complications , Mucormycosis/diagnosis , Mucormycosis/drug therapy , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a deadly disease which causes infection in both animals and human beings. It is a zoonotic disease that scatters worldwide in the beginning of the year 2020. COVID-19 is termed as Coronavirus Disease 2019 that makes the whole world to suffer from this existential infection. The lung contamination is found automatically by chest Computed Tomography images that help to tackle COVID-19. During the separation of the diseased portion from the X-ray slices, it produces lots of demands which include huge difference in the disease attribute and low intensity difference in the middle of infected tissue and usual tissues. The collection of huge quantity of information is impossible in a short period of time and pedagogy of the deep model. For overcoming the Lung disease separation of COVID-19 by using S eg-Net is suggested to analyze the affected portions automatically from chest X-ray scan. Here, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture for semantic pixel-wise segmentation named as Semantic Network is utilized. S eg-Net segmentation is a core trainable engine that contains an encoder network and also a corresponding decoder network that is continued by a pixel-wise classification layer. The structure of the encoder network is physiographic and it is equal with the 13 convolutional layers in the Visual Geometry Group 16 network. The originality of the semantic network is located in this method of decoder up samples with the lower resolution input map features. Exactly, the pooling was applied by the decoder that indicates max pooling process in the corresponding encoder for behaving like the non-linear up sampling. Comprehensive observation in COVID-19 real CT volumes and the SemiSeg are determined and it is suggested that the Semantic network performs the cut-ting edge segmentation models, and then it promotes the state in the art presentation. © 2021 IEEE.
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In this current Covid-19 pandemic scenario, most of the supermarkets and retail stores that are present even in small towns have started giving out products online. This system classifies the customers into categories based on their Recency, Frequency and Monetary (RFM) values and recommends products to them to make sure the potentially valuable customers are retained. Based on the RFM scores, each of these customers will be divided into segments based on the scores that they obtain. To make sure that the customers are retained, better offers should be given to them, and they must also get proper product recommendations. The product recommendation system that is used is based on a concept called cognitive similarity. It is a hybrid recommendation model by taking Collaborative filtering as the base model. Comparison is also done with the existing methods to make sure that there is an improvement in the method put up. For performance evaluation, precision@k was considered. The proposed method using cognitive similarity shows an improvement of 5% in comparison with the existing methods. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.